Post-doctorant

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CEFE/CNRS UMR5175
Campus du CNRS
1919, route de Mende
34293 Montpellier 5

Supervisor: Simon Chamaillé-Jammes

Doctorante / PhD Student

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CEFE/CNRS UMR5175
Campus du CNRS
1919, route de Mende
34293 Montpellier 5

Projet: Réponse spatiale à la chasse des ongulés

Directeur: Simon Chamaillé-Jammes & ONCFS

Doctorante / PhD Student
Thèse soutenue le 01/12/2020

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CEFE/CNRS UMR5175

Project: Influence of group size on the socio-demography of Plains zebras living under predation risk

Supervisor: Simon Chamaillé-Jammes

Objective: Focusing on Plains zebras Equus quagga, the aim of my PhD is to assess the impact of an increase in group size on competition, vigilance, space use and associated decision-making, and ultimately the demographic performance of individuals.

Key-words: sociality, predation, demography

Generally, we expect to see fitness benefits of increasing group size due to a reduction of predation risk (dilution and detection effects) and/or an increase in foraging efficiency (through reduced individual vigilance), until costs of intragroup competition counterbalanced those advantages. However, the relation between demographic performance of individuals (fecundity, survival and growth) and group size has rarely been tested directly. Thus, the link between dilution/detection effects and demographic performance under predation risk remains mostly theoretical. If survival is affected by group size, this may also influence the dynamics of group formation and between-group movements of individuals. Finally, inter-individual variability (reproductive status, personality, risk sensitivity) could impact on dilution/detection effects and thus need to be considered.

En règle générale, nous nous attendons à ce que la taille du groupe améliore la fitness des individus en raison de la réduction du risque de prédation (effets de dilution et de détection) et/ou de l’augmentation de l’approvisionnement (vigilance individuelle réduite), jusqu'à ce que les coûts d'une compétition accrue à l'intérieur du groupe en compensent les avantages. Cependant, peu d'études ont été en mesure de tester directement la relation entre la performance démographique des individus (fécondité, survie, croissance) et la taille des groupes. Ainsi, le lien entre effets de dilution/détection et performances démographiques dans un contexte de risque de prédation reste essentiellement théorique. Si la taille du groupe impacte sur la survie des individus, cela pourrait également influencer la dynamique de formation des groupes et des mouvements intergroupes des individus. Enfin, la variabilité inter-individuelle (statut reproduction, personnalité, sensibilité au risque) pourrait modifier la force des effets de dilution/détection et doit donc être prise en compte.

Anciene membre de l'équipe DPB - cette page n'est plus maintenue

Stagiaire M2

Project: Can predator hunting mode modulate the effect of climate change on predators and prey?

Supervisor : Simon CHAMAILLE-JAMMES & Marion VALEIX (LBBE-Lyon)

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Website: http://morinaissa.wixsite.com/aissamorin 

CEFE/CNRS UMR5175
Campus du CNRS
1919, route de Mende

34293 Montpellier 5

Summary: Biodiversity is declining worldwide, food web are being altered and of concern are the loss of large carnivores. Among the many threats they face, climate change is expected to become a major pressure as it has the potential to strongly disrupt predator-prey interaction. Predator hunting mode (ambush versus cursorial) is an important feature of predation as it plays a key role in the strength of the predator impact on the demography of its prey population. Here, I explored how predator hunting mode can potentially modulate the impacts of climate change on predators and their prey populations. To do so, I simulated climate change scenarios, and explored their consequences for two predators exhibiting different hunting mode and preying on density-dependent prey population. This study revealed that its hunting mode affects a predator response to climate change, affecting the link between short and long-term responses and the strength of the long term response. This constitutes a first step towards an improved understanding of predators-prey relationships in a changing climate.

Keywords: climate change, predators, ambush, cursorial, hunting mode, predator-prey interactions, predator-prey dynamics.

Research interests:

• Mammal ecology and conservation
• Carnivore conservation
• Predator-prey dynamics
• Animal conservation translocations (population reintroduction and reinforcement)
• Human dimensions of wildlife (especially issues linked to human-wildlife conflicts)

Education:

2015 - 2017- Two- years MSc. in Ecology, Biodiversity and Evolution, major: Conservation Biology.

National Museum of Natural History of Paris (France).

Two-year programme including a research project per year.

2012 - 2015 - BSc. in Environmental and Animal Sciences.

University of Rennes 1 (France).

Third year: Canterbury Christ Church University, United-Kingdom (Erasmus programme).

First and second years: University of Rennes 1, France.