PhD student

CNRS-CEFE

1919, route de Mende
34293 Montpellier 5
France
Office 105C

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PhD thesis subject (2024-2027): Drought effects on carbon assimilation and allocation in living tree biomass in forests

Supervisors: Jean-Marc Limousin (CNRS-CEFE) and Maxime Cailleret (INRAE-RECOVER)

Forests are a major player in the global carbon (C) cycle and at the heart of the climate change mitigation initiatives of the 2015 Paris Agreement, but models strongly disagree on the projection of this C sink under future climate change. Our current understanding of climate change effects on forest’s carbon sequestration is limited by uncertainties around the allocation of carbon among the different tree organs and the link between carbon photosynthetic assimilation and sequestration in perennial tree biomass.

The main objectives of this PhD thesis are to quantify how the C allocation in tree biomass changes among the different organs (wood, roots, leaves and reproductive organs) in response to increasing water stress and decreasing C assimilation. The research project will use both the results of five long-term rainfall manipulation experiments set in different forest ecosystems (three Mediterranean forests in Southern France, one temperate forest in North-Eastern France, and one eucalypt plantation in Brazil), and of carbon fluxes measured by eddy covariance in different forest sites within the ICOS network, to study the experimental and inter-annual effects of changing water availability. It will involve the analysis and synthesis of existing data and the collection of new data using homogenized and innovative protocols in every site, especially regarding the belowground compartment that is generally understudied in forest ecosystems.

The thesis will be articulated around three main research axes: i) improve our understanding of the link between photosynthetic C uptake and wood stem growth; ii) investigate the effects of drought on tree architecture and C allocation among the different aerial tree organs; iii) quantify belowground C allocation and its response to drought.

Directeur de Recherche CNRS et Directeur d'études EPHE (DECU)

  CEFE/CNRS
Campus du CNRS
1919, route de Mende
34293 Montpellier 5

tél : +33 4 67 61 32 77
fax: +33 4 67 41 06 16

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Directeur d'Etude Emerite (EPHE)

CEFE/CNRS
Campus du CNRS
1919, route de Mende
34293 Montpellier 5

tél : +33 4 67 61 33 43

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Thématiques : Incendies ou brûlages,  dynamique du paysage, et faune : écologie des perturbations et conservation.

CNRS Researcher

Head of the Behavioural Ecology team

CEFE/CNRS
Campus du CNRS
1919, route de Mende
34293 Montpellier cedex 5

Bureau 208

PhD candidate – EPHE & CEN Occitanie

Ma thèse a pour objectif d’étudier l’efficacité des mesures compensatoires d’un grand projet d’infrastructure, la LGV « Contournement Nîmes-Montpellier » (CNM). Les mesures sont majoritairement des mesures agro-écologiques à destination des outardes canepetières, œdicnèmes criards, lézards ocellés, orthoptères, dianes… L’étude permet d’appréhender les facteurs de succès ou d’échecs d’un projet compensatoire dans son ensemble et également d’apporter un retour sur des protocoles d’évaluation des mesures. Cette thèse permet aussi d’améliorer les connaissances sur l’écologie d’espèces méditerranéennes et mener à des préconisations de mesures de conservation.

PHD supervisors: Aurélien Besnard (EPHE, CEFE-CNRS) et Olivier Scher (CEN Occitanie)

Contact information

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Website: https://www.researchgate.net/profile/Soumaya-Belghali-3

 Professeur des Universités émérite, Université de Montpellier

 Mes recherches portent sur les substances naturelles végétales et fongiques (composés phénoliques ou volatils) d’intérêt industriel présentant des applications en industrie agroalimentaire (arômes, compléments alimentaires) ou pharmaceutique (activités antioxydante, antiinflammatoire, anticancéreux, antimicrobienne), d’intérêt écologique (rhizosphère, écologie chimique) ou ayant un impact sur la santé humaine (toxines fongiques).

My research focuses on plant and mushroom substances (i.e., phenolic compounds or volatiles) of industrial interest presenting applications in  food (flavours, alimentary complements) or pharmaceutical (antioxidants, antiinflammatory, anticancerous, antimicrobial) industries,  of ecological interest (rhizosphere, chemical ecology) or with an impact on human health (fungal toxins, pharmacological properties).

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Professeur des Universités, Université de Montpellier

Mes travaux portent sur l'écologie fonctionnelle et l'écologie des communautés d'invertébrés terrestres.

 In my studies I focuss on functional and community ecology of terrestrial invertebrates.

Courriel: Thibaud.Decaens [at] cefe.cnrs.fr

Directeur de Recherche CNRS

CEFE
Campus du CNRS
1919, route de Mende
34293 Montpellier 5
Tél : +33/0 4 67 61 32 91
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@Th_Lenormand

My principal area of research is Evolutionary genetics and evolutionary ecology. I have a broad expertise in evolutionary biology, genetics and ecology.

I have been working on adaptation and mutation, local adaptation, evolution of genetic systems (sex, recombination, sex chromosomes), evolution of gene duplicates, speciation, genetic conflicts, dispersal, biotic interactions (parasites, microbiota), statistics and fitness measures. I have been working with many empirical systems (vertebrates, insects, crustaceans, fungi, plants, helminths, bacteria), in the lab and in the field.

Currently, my scientific activity rests on three axes: first I do theoretical work (theoretical population genetics, statistics, and bioinformatics development). I am particularly interested currently on the evolution of gene expression (on sex chromosomes or in asexuals). Second, I work on small crustaceans Artemia and Daphnia. I’m particularly interested currently on sex-asex transitions, biotic interactions and adaptation to temperature. Third, I do experimental evolution on E. coli. I'm particularly interested on testing fitness landscape models, adaptation to different doses of antibiotics, and coevolution of species coexisting by frequency dependence.

Research interests by keywords
adaptation, local adaptation, migration, speciation, (sex) chromosomes, clines, sex, parthenogenesis, meiosis, recombination, epistasis, dominance, mutations, resistance, duplications, modifiers, mating systems, sexual conflicts, parasites, microbiota.

 Chargée de Recherche HC - CE - INRAE - HDR

Centre d'Ecologie Fonctionnelle et Evolutive
1919, route de Mende
34293 Montpellier 5


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Personal interests

As an ecophysiologist, my research is focused on the adaptive strategies of plants under drought (Volaire, 2018, Global Change Biology). I have particularly analysed the adaptive strategies to cope with severe water deficit, such as summer dormancy (Volaire & Norton, 2006, Annals of Botany). I also investigate the  dehydration tolerance and embolism resistance of perennial herbaceous plants under severe summer droughts as occurring in Mediterranean and semi-arid areas.  We proposed a critical view of the so called 'functional' traits that are increasingly challenged as unsuitable to fully understand plant and communities functioning (Volaire et al., 2021 Ecology and Evolution). As a consequence, I highlight the importance of seasonal phenological adaptations across species and types to survive dehydration stress (drought, frost), based on the important framework in ecology, the 'growth-stress survival' tradeoff' (Volaire et al., 2022 Annals of Botany). I am developing collaborative research projects with geneticists and ecologists to understand plant traits and strategies associated with drought survival with application to plant breeding in forage species for better adaptation to increasing aridity under climate change.

Intérêts personnels
Mes travaux portent sur les stratégies adaptatives des plantes à la sécheresse. Je travaille notamment sur les espèces herbacées pérennes sous sécheresses estivales sévères de type méditerranéen. Je couple des approches en écophysiologie, agronomie et écologie fonctionnelle. L’objectif principal est d’analyser le fonctionnement des espèces et communautés herbacées sous contrainte hydrique forte dans le cadre du changement climatique. Un cadre conceptuel et terminologique unifié des stratégies adaptatives des plantes à la sécheresse a été proposé en 2018. Les études portent notamment sur la stratégie de dormance estivale et plus largement sur la généricité du compromis fonctionnel entre potentiel de croissance et survie au stress. Une revue multi-espèces et multi-stress a été publiée en 2023 dans Annals of Botany qui propose de considérer mieux la phénologie des plantes au travers d'un 'Plant economics spectrum' saisonnier. 

Directrice de Recherche, première classe au CNRS 

Yildiz Aumeeruddy-Thomas développe des recherches qui interrogent les relations entre les sociétés et la nature. Initialement formée en botanique tropicale à l'Université de Montpellier, elle développe très vite un fort intérêt pour les ethnosciences, les sciences de sociétés non-industrielles, des praticiens, leurs savoirs et pratiques sur le vivant. Ses travaux se situent à la croisée de la botanique, l'anthropologie et l'écologie pour développer l'ethnobotanique et l'ethnoécologie. Les grands biomes qu'elle appréhende sont les forêts tropicales humides, le hautes montagnes Himalayennes et la Méditerranée, où elle a développé des études de cas lors de ces 40 dernières années sur les sociétés, leurs pratiques et leurs représentations de la nature. Elle s’intéresse à la fois à la diversité des interfaces entre nature et culture, mais aussi aux traits communs qui caractérisent les sociétés humaines et leurs expériences avec le vivant. Elle met en place des études interdisciplinaires pour appréhender la relation entre les humains et les arbres, les agroforêts ou les plantes de cueillette au travers des ethnosciences, mais aussi avec l'aide de nombreux écologues. Elle met en outre en place dans ses travaux sur la domestication des arbres et de l’agrobiodiversité en Méditerranéenne, des démarches de co-construction avec des praticiens de terrain pour tenter de répondre à de grands enjeux environnementaux et en particulier l'impact du changement climatique. Soucieuse des grandes questions environnementales actuelles, elle est engagée dans le dialogue entre sciences et politiques, notamment à l'IPBES en tant qu’auteur de la première Evaluation Globale. 

Director of Research at CNRS

Yildiz Aumeeruddy-Thomas conducts research that examines the relationship between societies and nature. Initially trained in tropical botany at the University of Montpellier, she quickly developed a keen interest in ethnosciences, the sciences of non-industrial societies, practitioners, and their knowledge and practices relating to living organisms. Her work lies at the crossroads of botany, anthropology and ecology, for the development of ethnobotany and ethnoecology. The major biomes she studies are tropical rainforests, the high Himalayan mountains and the Mediterranean agroforests, where she has developed case studies over the last 40 years with different societies, their practices and their representations of nature. She is interested in both the diversity of interfaces between nature and culture and the common traits that characterise human societies and their experiences with living organisms. She conducts interdisciplinary studies to understand the relationship between humans and trees, agroforests and wild plants through ethnoscience, but also with the help of numerous ecologists. In her work on tree domestication and agrobiodiversity in the Mediterranean, she also implements co-construction approaches with practitioners in the field in an attempt to address major environmental issues, particularly the impact of climate change. Concerned about today's major environmental issues, she is engaged in dialogue between science and policy, notably at IPBES as author of the first Global Assessment.

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