Disciplines
Community
and Landscape Dynamics, Conservation Biology
Research Focus
My research focuses on community and landscape dynamics and on their
modification by human activities. I use as models natural habitats
(temperate forests, shrublands and arctic tundra) or agricultural and, less
often, urban ecosystems.
I especially inverstigate two questions :
-
How is
biodiversity dynamics in temperate forests affected by the current increase in deer
populations (RGIS
project)?
-
How are landscape and bird community dynamics affected by pastoral
abandonment?
Approach :
I use use human activities (faunal changes and land use changes) as large scale
natural experiments in order to study how ecosystems function and how their
species respond to change. My approach is often multi-disciplinary, often
relies on long term monitoring and experiments, and on the reconstruction of
ecosystem dynamics through a variety of information sources on habitat
changes. I take advantage:
-
of the
introduction of species onto islands as un-voluntary experiments to analyse
species interactions in temperate forests (PhDs of Steve Stockton (Canada),
Bruno Vila (Marseille), Sylvain
Allombert
and
Gwenaël Vourc'h, RGIS
project);
-
of current
and past land use changes in the northern Mediterranean to analyse how bird
communities respond to changing landscapes (PhD of
Clélia
Sirami) and how species can, or cannot, adjust their life cycles
to the modifications that their habitats undergo (PhDs of
Nicolas Sadoul,
Axel Wolff,
Christophe
Tourenq
and
Clélia
Sirami).
In addition I try whenever possible to facilitate the transfer of what we learned to land managers, students, teachers and the general public.
Study sites :
-
Haïda Gwaii archipelago (RGIS)
and Anticosti Island (Canada)
-
Islands
of the northern Mediterranean
-
Mainland habitats in the northern
Mediterranean
-
Canadian arctic
Current collaborations
France:
CEMAGREF,
Nogent sur Vernisson (Dr. C. Baltzinger)
INRA, CEFS, Toulouse (Dr. T. Daufresne)
Laboratoire d’Ecologie Méditerranéenne, Marseille, France (Dr. B. Vila)
Parc Naturel Régional de la Corse, Ajaccio (Dr. J.C. Thibault)
Canada :
Université Laval, Chaire de Recherche Anticosti, Québec (Prof Steeve Côté)
National Wildlife Research Centre, Environment Canada, Ottawa (Dr. T. Gaston)
University of Victoria, Victoria, British Columbia, Canada (Drs. T. Reimchen).
University of British Columbia, Vancouver, BC, Canada (Tara Martin, Prof. P.
Arcese)
Others abroad
CTFC, Solsona, Catalogna, Spain (Dr. Lluis Brotons)
University of Mendosa, Argentina (Dr. D. Vazquez)
University of Knoxville, Knoxville, Tennessee, USA (Prof. D. Simberloff)
Management of research and teaching
-
Since
1996 : Foundation and management of a "Laboratory without walls" the
« Research Group on Introduced Species » (RGIS),
a multidsiciplinary research team
involving researchers and students from France and Canada. RGIS studies the
consequences of the introduction of two mammals on an archipelago in
British Columbia (Haida Gwai, Queen Charlotte Islands) to better understand
interactions between plants and animals in temperate forests.
-
1988-1889 & 2001 : chair of research team at CEFE
-
Since
1992 : Teaching of Conservation Biology (Montpellier University and other
venues in France)
Short biography
-
Adjunct Professor,
Université Laval, Québec, 2007-2009
-
Visiting
Scientist, Environment
Canada,
Carleton University, Ottawa, Canada, 2007-2008
-
Senior
Scientist, CNRS, 2002-
-
Scientist, CNRS, 1983-2002
-
CNRS-NSF visiting scientist, Department of Biological Science, Florida State
University, Tallahassee, USA, (Prof. D. Simberloff), 1991
-
Chapman Fellow, Department of Ornithology, American Museum of Natural
History (AMNH), NY, USA (Dr F. Vuilleumier) 1990
-
1978 - 1981: doctoral and post-doctoral fellow at the Institute of Zoology,
University of Helsinki, Finland (Prof. O. Järvinen).
-
Degree in Agronomy (ENSA Montpellier) in 1978; PhD in Ecology in 1980 at
University of sciences, Montpellier (supervision J. Blondel and O.
Järvinen) ; State Thesis 1988, Montpellier).
Selected publications
McKinnon L., Smith P.A., Nol E., Martin
J.L., Doyle F.I., Abraham K.F., Gilchrist H.G., Morrison R.I.G. et Bêty J.
2010. Lower predation risk for migratory birds at high latitudes. Science 327 :
326-327
Martin J.L., Stockton S.A., Allombert S.
and Gaston A.J. 2010. Top-down and bottom-up consequences of unchecked ungulate
browsing on plant and animal diversity in temperate forests: lessons from a deer
introduction. Biological Invasions. 12 : 353-371.
Vázquez, D.P., Gresser J., et Martin J.L.
In press. Introduced deer and the pollination and reproduction of an animal-pollinated
herb. Botany (Canadian Journal of Botany).
de Villalobos A.E., Vazquez D.P. et Martin J.L.
In press. Soil disturbance, vegetation cover and the establishment of the exotic
shrub Pyracantha coccinea in southern France. Biological Invasions. in press
Smith P.A., Gilchrist H.G., Forbes M.R.,
Martin J.L., and Allard K. In press. Inter-annual variation in the breeding
chronology of arctic shorebirds: effects of weather, snow melt and predators.
Journal of Avian Biology.
Caula, S., Marty P. et Martin J.L. In
press. Value of an urban habitat for the native Mediterranean avifauna. Urban
Ecology.
Sirami C., Brotons L., Martin J.-L. 2009. Do
bird spatial distribution patterns reflect population trends in changing
landscapes? Landscape Ecology 24:893-906.[
Allombert S., Martin J.-L.
(2008). The effects of deer on invertebrate abundance and diversity. In:
Proceedings from the Research Group on Introduced Species 2002 Symposium
"Lessons from the Islands: Introduced species and what they tell us about how
ecosystems work" (Queen Charlotte City, British Columbia), (Gaston A.J.,
Golumbia T.E., Martin J.-L. & Sharpe S.T. eds.). Canadian Wildlife Service,
Environment Canada, Ottawa, pp.96-101.
Allombert S., Martin J.-L.
(2008). Les effets du cerf sur l'abondance et la diversité des invertébrés. In:
Actes du Symposium du Groupe de Recherche sur les espèces introduites tenu en
2002 "Leçons des îles : les espèces introduites et ce qu'elles nous apprennent
sur le fonctionnement des écosystèmes" (Queen Charlotte City, Îles de la
Reine Charlotte, Colombie Britannique), (Gaston A.J., Golumbia T.E., Martin
J.-L. & Sharpe S.T. eds.). Service Canadien de la Faune, Environnement Canada,
Ottawa, pp.96-101.
Caula S., Marty P., Martin J.-L. (2008). Seasonal
variation in species composition of an urban bird community in Mediterranean
France. Landscape and Urban Planning 87: 1-9.
Gonzalo-Turpin H., Sirami C., Brotons L., Gonzalo L., Martin J.-L. (2008).
Teasing out biological effects and sampling artefacts when using occupancy rate
in monitoring programs. Journal of Field Ornithology 79 : 159-169.
Gaston A.J., Golumbia T.E., Martin
J.-L., Sharpe S.T. (eds.) (2008). Lessons from the islands: introduced
species and what they tell us about how ecosystems work. Proceedings from
the Research Group on Introduced Species 2002 Symposium. Canadian Wildlife
Service, Environment Canada, Ottawa, Queen Charlotte City, Queen Charlotte
Islands, British Columbia,
192p.
Gaston A.J., Golumbia E., Martin
J.-L., Sharpe S.T. (eds.) (2008). Leçons des îles : les espèces
introduites et ce qu'elles nous apprennent sur le fonctionnement des écosystèmes.
Actes du Symposium du Groupe de Recherche sur les espèces introduites tenu en
2002 "Leçons des îles : les espèces introduites et ce qu'elles nous apprennent
sur le fonctionnement des écosystèmes". Service Canadien de la Faune,
Environnement Canada, Ottawa, Queen Charlotte City,
Îles de la Reine Charlotte, Colombie Britannique, 211p.
Gaston A.J., Sharpe S.T., Stockton S.,
Golumbia T.E., Martin J.-L. (2008). Reduction in deer numbers on Reef and
SGang Gwaay: progress, results, and vegetation changes. In: Proceedings from
the Research Group on Introduced Species 2002 Symposium "Lessons from the
Islands: introduced species and what they tell us about how ecosystems work"
(Queen Charlotte City, British Columbia), (Gaston A.J., Golumbia T.E., Martin
J.L. & Sharpe S.T. eds.). Canadian Wildlife Service, Environment Canada, Ottawa,
pp.103-116.
Gaston A.J., Martin J.-L.
(2008). A conceptual framework for introduced species research in Haida Gwaii.
In: Proceedings from the Research Group on Introduced Species 2002 Symposium
"Lessons from the Islands: introduced species and what they tell us about how
ecosystems work" (Queen Charlotte City, British Columbia), (Gaston A.J.,
Golumbia T.E., Martin J.-L. & Sharpe S.T. eds.). Canadian Wildlife Service,
Environment Canada, Ottawa, pp.53-58.
Martin J.-L., Allombert S.,
Gaston A.J. (2008). The effects of deer and squirrels on forest birds: community
structure, population density and reproduction. In: Proceedings from the
Research Group on Introduced Species 2002 Symposium "Lessons from the islands:
Introduced species and what they tell us about how ecosystems work" (Queen
Charlotte City, British Columbia), (Gaston A.J., Golumbia T.E., Martin J.-L. &
Sharpe S.T. eds.). Canadian Wildlife Service, Environment Canada, Ottawa,
pp.102-109.
Martin J.-L., Gaston A.J.,
Golumbia T.E., Sharpe S.T. (2008). Deer and biodiversity on Haida Gwaii:
lessons, questions and decisions ? In: Proceedings from the Research Group on
Introduced Species 2002 Symposium "Lessons from the islands: introduced species
and what they tell us about how ecosystems work" (Queen Charlotte City,
British Columbia), (Gaston A.J., Golumbia T.E., Martin J.-L. & Sharpe S.T.
eds.). Canadian Wildlife Service, Environment Canada, Ottawa, pp.201-203.
Sirami C., Brotons L., Burfield I., Fonderflick J.,
Martin J.-L. (2008). Is land abandonment having an impact on biodiversity? A
meta-analytical approach to bird distribution changes in the north-western
Mediterranean. Biological Conservation 141: 450-459.
Sirami C., Brotons L., Martin J.-L.
(2008). Spatial extent of bird species response to landscape changes:
colonisation/extinction dynamics at the community-level in two contrasting
habitats. Ecography 31: 509-518.
Sirami C.,
Jay-Robert P., Brustel H., Valladares L., Le Guilloux S., Martin J.-L.
(2008). Saproxylic beetle assemblages of old Holm-oak trees in a Mediterranean
region: role of a keystone structure in a changing heterogeneous landscape.
Revue d’Écologie (Terre Vie) supplément 10: 101-114.
Stroh N., Baltzinger C., Martin J.-L. (2008). Deer
prevent western redcedar (Thuya plicata) regeneration in old-growth
forests of Haida Gwaii: is there a potential for recovery? Forest Ecology and
Management: accepté.
Vila B., Martin J.-L. (2008). Spread and history of
deer impact: the memory of the woody plants. In: Lessons from the islands:
introduced species and what they tell us about how ecosystems work. Proceedings
from the Research Group on Introduced Species 2002 Conference (Queen
Charlotte City, Queen Charlotte Islands, British Columbia), Gaston A.J.,
Golumbia T.E., Martin J.-L. & Sharpe S.T. eds.). Canadian Wildlife Service,
Environment Canada, Ottawa, pp.57-63.
Vilà B., Martin J.-L. (2008).
Histoire de la colonisation et de l'impact du cerf : la mémoire des plantes
ligneuses. In: Actes du Symposium du Groupe de Recherche sur les espèces
introduites tenu en 2002 "Leçons des îles : les espèces introduites et ce
qu'elles nous apprennent sur le fonctionnement des écosystèmes" (Queen
Charlotte City, Îles de la Reine Charlotte, Colombie Britannique), (Gaston A.J.,
Golumbia T.E., Martin J.-L. & Sharpe S.T. eds.). Service Canadien de la Faune,
Environnement Canada, Ottawa, pp.63-69.
Vourc'h V., Escarré J., Martin J.-L.
(2008). Interaction entre le cerf à queue noire de Sitka et le thuya géant : les
leçons de Haïda Gwaii. In: Actes du Symposium du
Groupe de Recherche sur les espèces introduites tenu en 2002 "Leçons des îles :
les espèces introduites et ce qu'elles nous apprennent sur le fonctionnement des
écosystèmes" (Queen Charlotte City, Îles de la
Reine Charlotte, Colombie Britannique), (Gaston A.J., Golumbia T.E., Martin
J.-L. & Sharpe S.T. eds.). Service Canadien de la Faune, Environnement Canada,
Ottawa, pp.77-85.
Vourc'h V., Escarré J., Martin J.-L. (2008).
Interaction between Sikta black-tailed deer and western redcedar: lessons from
Haida Gwaii. In: Lessons from the islands: introduced species and what they
tell us about how ecosystems work. Proceedings from the Research Group on
Introduced Species 2002 Symposium (Queen Charlotte City, Queen Charlotte
Islands, British Columbia), Gaston A.J., Golumbia T.E., Martin J.-L. & Sharpe
S.T. eds.). Canadian Wildlife Service, Environment Canada, Ottawa, pp.70-77.
Coreau A., Martin J.-L.
(2007). Multi-scale study of bird species distribution and of their response to
vegetation change: a Mediterranean example. Landscape Ecology 22 :
747-764.
Sirami C., Brotons L., Martin
J.-L. (2007). Vegetation and songbird response to land abandonment: from
landscape to census plot.
Diversity and Distributions 13
: 42-52.
Sirami C., Brotons L., Burfield I., Fonderflick J., Martin J.-L. (2007).
Is land abandonment having an impact on biodiversity? A meta-analytical approach
to bird distribution changes in the north-western Mediterranean. Biological
Conservation: accepté.
Martin J.-L. (2006). Could deer overabundance impact terrestrial mollusks
? A response to Örstan. Tentacle The Newsletter of the IUCN/SSC Mollusc
Specialist Group 14: 21-22.
Allombert S., Stockton S., Martin J.-L. (2005). A
natural experiment on the impact of overabundant deer on forest invertebrates.
Conservation Biology
19: 1917-1929.
Allombert S., Gaston T., Martin J.-L. (2005). A
natural experiment on the impact of overabundant deer on songbird populations.
Biological Conservation
126: 1-13.
Brotons L., Wolff A., Paulus G., Martin J.-L.
(2005). Effect of adjacent agricultural habitat on the distribution of
passerines in natural grasslands.
Biological Conservation 124: 407-414.
Gaston A.J., Martin J.-L., Allombert S. (2005). Sea
Surface Temperatures Mediated by the El Niño-Southern Oscillation Affect Birds
Breeding in Temperate Coastal Rain Forests / Les températures de surface de la
mer liées au phénomène El Niño-oscillation australe affectent la nidification
des oiseaux des forêts ombrophiles tempérées côtières. Avian Conservation and
Ecology - Écologie et conservation des oiseaux 1: art 4 [on line].
Sirami C., Martin J.-L., Brotons L. (2005). Bird
distribution in Mediterranean landscapes: a multiscale approach. European IALE
Congress 2005 Landscape Ecology in the Mediterranean Inside and outside
approaches. Faro, Portugal, 29/03-2/04/2005.
Sirami C., Martin J.-L., Brotons L. (2005). Land
abandonment induces non-linear long-term changes for landscape and avifauna in
the Mediterranean. BioScene congress "Biodiversity and sustainable development
in mountain area of Europe". Ioannina, Greece, 20-25/09/2005.
Stockton S., Allombert S., Gaston A.J., Martin J.-L.
(2005). A natural experiment on the effects of high deer densities on the native
flora of coastal temperate rain forests. Biological Conservation 126:
118-128.
Vila B., Guibal F., Torre F., Martin J.-L. (2005).
Can we reconstruct deer browsing history and how ? Lessons from Gaultheria
shallon Pursh.
Annals of Forest Science 62: 153-162.
Brotons L., Herrando S., Martin J.-L. (2004). Bird assemblages in forest
fragments within Mediterranean mosaics created by wild fires. Landscape
Ecology, 19: 663-675.
Brotons L., Martin J.-L., Herrando S., Estrada J., Pedrocchi V. (2004).
Forest bird distribution trends in Mediterranean landscapes: the role of land
use changes. In: Proceedings of the 10th MEDECOS Conference, (Rhodes
Island, Greece), (Arianoutsou M.& Papanastasis V.P. eds.). Millpress, Rotterdam.
Brotons L., Martin J.-L., Prodon R., eds. (2004). Book of abstracts of
the symposium "A landscape perspective on Mediterranean vertebrate ecology",
Montpellier, 25-26th, March 2004. Centre d'Ecologie Fonctionnelle et
Evolutive-CNRS; Ecole Pratique des Hautes Etudes-Université Montpellier II,
Montpellier (FRA), 73p.
Sirami C., Martin J.-L., Brotons L. (2004). Land abandonment in a
Mediterranean region: consequences to the breeding avifauna. A landscape
perspective on Mediterranean vertebrate ecology. Montpellier, 25-26 march.
Tourenq C., Benhamou S., Sadoul N., Sandoz A., Mesléard F., Martin J.-L.,
Hafner H. (2004). Spatial relationships between tree-nesting heron colonies and
rice fields in the Camargue. The Auk, 121(1): 192-202.
Vila B., Guibal F., Torre F., Martin J.-L. (2004). Can we reconstruct
deer browsing history and how ? Lessons from Gaultheria shallon Pursh.
Annals of Forest Sciences: sous presse.
Vilà B., Guibal F., Torre F., Martin J.-L. (2004). Assessing spatial
variation in browsing history by means of fraying scars. Journal of
Biogeography, 31: 987-995.
Vila B., Torre F., Guibal F., Martin J.-L. (2004). Can we reconstruct
browsing history and how far back? Lessons from Vaccinium parvifolium
Smith in Rees. Forest Ecology and Management, 201: 171-185.
Brotons L.,
Mönkkönen M., Martin J.-L. (2003).
Are fragments islands ?
Landscape
context and density-area relationships in boreal forest birds.
The American Naturalist,
162(3): 343-357.
Coqblin M., Martin J.L. (2003). Haida Gwaii,
un laboratoire grandeur nature. Documentaire de 52 minutes. Coproduction Mille
et Une Production / CNRS Images/médias, en association avec France 5.
Martin J.-L.,
Joron M. (2003). Nest predation in forest birds: influence of predator type and
predator's habitat quality. Oikos, 102: 641-653.
Tourenq C.,
Sadoul N., Beck N., Mesléard F., Martin J.-L. (2003). Effects of cropping
practices in the use of rice fields by waterbirds in the Camargue, France.
Agriculture, Ecosystems & Environment, 95(2-3): 543-549.
Vila B., Guibal
F., Torre F., Martin J.-L. (2003). Growth change of young Picea
sitchensis in response to deer browsing.
Forest Ecology
and Management,
180: 413-424.
Vila B., Torre
F., Martin J.-L., Guibal F. (2003). Response of young Tsuga
heterophylla to deer browsing : developing tools to assess deer impact on
forest dynamics. Trees - Structure Function, 17: 547-553.
Vourc'h G.,
Russell J., Gillon D., Martin J.-L. (2003). Short-time effect of
defoliation on terpene content in Thuja plicata. Ecoscience,
10(2): 161-167.
Blangy S.,
Martin J.-L. (2002). Integration of biodiversity in cultural heritage in the
development of ecotourism. A case study from Haida Gwaii (Queen Charlottes
Islands), B.C., Canada. In: Tourism, Biodiversity and Information (Di
Castri F.& Balaji V., eds.), pp. 105-116. Backhuys Publishers, Leiden.
Martin J.-L.,
Baltzinger C. (2002). Interaction among deer browsing, hunting and tree
regeneration. Canadian Journal of
Forest
Research,
32: 1256-1264.
Thibault J.-C.,
Martin J.-L., Penloup A., Meyer J.-Y. (2002). Understanding the decline
and extinction of monarchs (Aves) in Polynesian Islands. Biological
Conservation, 108(2): 161-174.
Vila B., Vourc'h G., Gillon D.,
Martin J.-L., Guibal F. (2002).
Is escaping
deer browse just a matter of time in Picea sitchensis ? A chemical and
dendroecological approach. Trees - Structure and Function, 16: 488-496.
Vourc'h G., De
Garrine-Witchatitsky M., Labbé A., Rosolowski D., Martin J.-L., Fritz H.
(2002). Monoterpene effect on feeding choice by deer. Journal of Chemical
Ecology, 28(12): 2411-2427.
Vourc'h G.,
Russell J., Martin J.-L. (2002). Linking deer browsing and terpene
production among genetic identities in Chamaecyparis nootkatensis and
Thuja plicata (Cupressaceae). The Journal of Heredity, 93(5):
370-376.
Vourc'h G.,
Vila B., Gillon D., Escarré J., Guibal F., Fritz H., Clausen T., Martin J.-L.
(2002). Disentangling the causes of damage variation by deer browsing on young
Thuja plicata.
Oikos,
98: 271-283.
Wolff A., Dieuleveut T., Martin J.-L., Bretagnolle V.
(2002).
Landscape context and little bustard abundance in a fragmented steppe :
implications for reserve management in mosaic landscapes.
Biological Conservation,
107(2): 211-220.
Tourenq C., Aulagnier S.,
Durieux L., Lek S., Mesléard F., Johnson A., Martin J.-L. (2001).
Identifying
rice fields at risk from damage by the Greater Flamingo. Journal of Applied
Ecology, 38(1): 170-179.
Tourenq C.,
Barbraud C., Sadoul N., Sandoz A., Lombardini K., Kayser Y., Martin J.-L.
(2001). Does foraging habitat quality affect chick condition in Little Egret (Egretta
garzetta ) ? Animal Biodiversity and Conservation, 24: 107-116.
Tourenq C., Pin
C., Sacchi L., Hurtrez-Boussès S., Bertrault G., Kayser Y., Martin J.-L.
(2001). Absence of haematozoa in chicks of Little Egret in the Camargue,
southern France. Waterbirds, 24: 433-437.
Vourc'h G.,
Martin J.-L., Duncan P., Escarré J., Clausen T.P. (2001). Defensive
adaptations of Thuja plicata to ungulate browsing : a comparative study
between mainland and island populations. Oecologia, 126: 84-93.
Walther B.A.,
Martin J.-L. (2001). Species richness estimation of bird communities :
how to control for sampling effort ?
Ibis,
143: 413-419.
Wolff A., Paul J.-P., Martin
J.-L., Bretagnolle V. (2001).
The benefits of
extensive agriculture to birds : the case of the Little Bustard. Journal of
Applied Ecology, 38: 963-975.
Martin J.-L.,
Thibault J.-C., Bretagnolle V. (2000). Black rats, island characteristics and
colonial nesting birds in the Mediterranean : current consequences of an ancient
introduction. Conservation Biology, 14(5): 1452-1466.
